】Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) has been described as the consequence of a complex strabismic syndrome by Duane in 1905. We have a deep learning from DRS of pathogenesis, present clinical, diagnosis and treatment in recent years. Surgery is available to treating patients with DRS. Surgeons should take into account primary gaze, head turn, adduction and abduction limitations, up-and-down shoots, so variety of surgery arises at the historic moment. While these procedures are not applicable to all patients, doctors should be aware of the strengths, weaknesses, and complications of all currently available procedures so that to choose the individulized surgery procedures for the patients. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2016, 40: 357-360)